Fairness opinionsSpecialty Outpatient Facilities2017

Alliance Healthcare Services acquired by Tahoe Investment Group Co.: fairness opinion by Lazard

Announced April 11, 2017 · Going-private · All cash · DEFM14A filed July 14, 2017
Specialty Outpatient Facilities Imaging
Enterprise value
$683M
EV / LTM EBITDA
5.7x
EBITDA $120M · 23% margin
EV / LTM revenue
1.33x
revenue $514M
DCF discount rate
9.0%–10.0%
Perpetuity growth

Deal terms

ConsiderationAll cash
Price per share$13.25
Premium
Premium basisunaffected share price of $7.95 (pre-December 8, 2016 Tahoe Proposal)
StructureGoing-private
Termination fee
Reverse termination fee
Go-shopNone
Outside date

Implied value per share by method vs. $13.25 offer

Selected companies — EV / CY2017E Adjusted EBITDA $21.49 – $25.37
Precedent transactions — Implied EBITDA multiple from the 2016 Transaction applied to 2017E Adjusted EBITDA of $142.6 million $4.62 – $14.79
Discounted cash flow $8.39 – $17.44
Selected Squeeze-Out Transactions Analysis (premiums paid) $10.38 – $12.32
52-Week High/Low Trading Prices $5.77 – $9.30

Ranges as disclosed in the banker’s summary of analyses; the red line marks the per-share consideration.

Opinion of Lazard to the special committee

Delivered April 10, 2017 · Fee $2.8M ($1.4M contingent on closing), $1.4M on delivery of the opinion

Discounted cash flow assumptions

Discount rate9.0%–10.0%
BasisLazard's judgment of estimated range of weighted average cost of capital for Alliance
Terminal valuePerpetuity growth
Perpetuity growth0.8%–1.3%
Exit multiple
Projection period2017E-2021E (NOLs 2017-2023)
Projections usedSpecial Committee Forecasts (unlevered free cash flows confirmed by Alliance management)
Implied value per share$8.39–$17.44

Valued as of December 31, 2016; included present value of NOLs and prepaid taxes discounted at 9.0%-10.0% using 35.0% federal and 7.53% state tax rates; equity value derived by deducting pro forma debt attributable to Alliance including $9.7 million after-tax refinancing fees/expenses; divided by fully diluted shares as of March 31, 2017. Sole methodology relied upon for the opinion.

Selected public companies (2)

RadNet, Inc. · Digirad Corporation

MultiplePeer lowPeer medianPeer highRange appliedImplied per share
EV / CY2017E Adjusted EBITDA6.9x7.3x 6.9x–7.3x $21.49–$25.37

Other analyses

AnalysisSummaryImplied per share
Selected Squeeze-Out Transactions Analysis (premiums paid)15 selected squeeze-out transactions from January 1, 2012 to April 7, 2017 with transaction value greater than $50 million involving U.S.-listed targets and majority stakeholders buying out remaining stakeholders. Applied median premium of 30.6% and mean premium of 54.9% to Alliance's unaffected share price of $7.95. Observed maximum premium 284.6%, minimum 6.5%, 25th percentile 23.6%, 75th percentile 60.6%. Informational purposes only.$10.38–$12.32
52-Week High/Low Trading PricesDaily closing prices of common stock for the 52 weeks ended December 9, 2016 ranged from $5.77 (August 2, 2016) to $9.30 (December 18, 2015). Informational purposes only.$5.77–$9.30

Aggregate fee of $2.8 million; portions payable upon engagement and during engagement; $1.4 million payable upon rendering of opinion (less previously received payments) and $1.4 million contingent upon closing. Alliance may also pay a discretionary fee determined by the Special Committee upon closing.

3,000+ healthcare deal-level valuation multiples
The Valuation database includes financial details for more than 3,000 healthcare M&A transactions, private and public, with deal-level multiples, categorized by segment, type, and year.
See the Valuation database →

Management projections

Projection yearYear 1Year 2Year 3Year 4CAGR
Revenue$547M$569M$589M$609M3.7%
Revenue growth6.4%3.9%3.6%3.5%
EBITDA$123M$126M$129M$132M2.4%
EBITDA growth1.9%3.0%2.1%1.9%
EBITDA margin22%22%22%22%
Implied EV / EBITDA5.6x5.4x5.3x5.2x

Year-1 growth is against LTM at announcement ($514M revenue, $120M EBITDA); later years are year over year.

Three sets of unaudited projections are disclosed: the August Long-Range Planning Model (FY2016-FY2020; net revenue $514.1M in 2016 rising to $609.3M in 2020, Adjusted EBITDA $140.6M to $160.3M), the December Long-Range Planning Model (FY2017-FY2023; net revenue $548.3M in 2017 to $662.2M in 2023, Adjusted EBITDA $142.4M to $183.1M), and the Special Committee Forecasts (FY2017-FY2021; net revenue $548.3M in 2017 to $614.7M in 2021, Adjusted EBITDA $142.6M to $161.8M). Lazard was authorized to rely solely on the Special Committee Forecasts, which eliminated future acquisitions and assumed moderate pricing/cost-saving reductions and higher capex. Unlevered free cash flow to the Company under those forecasts was $43.6M in 2017 rising to $60.0M in 2021.

Process notes

Going-private squeeze-out of minority stockholders by majority stockholder Tahoe/THAIHOT; Lazard was retained by and delivered its opinion to the Special Committee only. Non-waivable condition requiring approval by a majority of unaffiliated shares. Lazard concluded that both comparable companies and precedent transactions analyses were not useful methodologies (limited research coverage, historical trading discount, limited comparable transactions) and relied solely on the DCF; the selected companies, 2016 Transaction, squeeze-out premiums and 52-week range analyses were presented for informational purposes only and were not material to the opinion. Termination-fee amounts were not specified in the sliced sections; the agreement contemplated expense reimbursement payable by Tahoe or the Company in certain termination circumstances, and a no-shop with fiduciary-out for a Superior Proposal (Acquisition Proposal threshold increased from 15% to 40%) with a three-day match right.

Other Specialty Outpatient Facilities fairness opinions

All Specialty Outpatient Facilities opinions → · Lazard opinions